Polycarp (AD 69-156)

Polycarp (AD 69-156)

Kum zabi 2 atang tawh khan Roman Empire-ah leh Asia Minor-ah te, Europe-ah te, North Africa hmar lamah te, Palestine-ah te leh Mesopotamia thlengin Kristianna a lo darh tawh a. Chu chu Tirkohte Thiltih bung 13-23 ah chiang takin kan hmu. Asia Minor-a Chanchin Tha lo luh dan hi zir tur a tam hle a, a bul takah chuan Tirhkoh Paula rawngbawlna atanga lo intan a ni. Pisidia ram Antiokei-a Judaten Pathian an hnawl avangin Tirhkoh Paula chuan Jentailte lam a lo hawi ta a, Asia Minor lamah Chanchin Tha a lo darh zau ta a ni.

Kum zabi 1-na tawp lam khan Tirhkoh Johana, Jakoba unaupa chuan nasa takin Pathian Thu a hril a, Ephesi kohhran pawh a hmangaih hle tih kan hmu. Tihduhdahna a nasa em avangin Johanan chu Ephesus-a man a ni a, Rom khawpuiah tihhlum tura thawn a ni. Rome sipaite chuan thir bel lian tak chhunga tel so bawrh bawrhah an thlak a, mahse a taksa chu engtin mah a awm lo. Tihngaihna an hriat loh avangin Emperor Domitian chuan Patmos thliarkara thawn bo turin thu a pe ta a. Patmos thliarkara thihna a hmachhawn mek lai chuan Asia Minor-a kohhran pasarih; Smyrna, Pergamos, Sardis, Philadelphia, Laodicea, Thyatira leh Ephesi kohhrante hnenah lehkha a thawn a, chu chu Thupuan bu kan tih hi a ni.

Pathian awmpuina avangin Rome Emperor Trajan-a lal lai khan Ephesus khuaah a lo kir leh a, chutah chuan a thih hun nghakin a awm ta reng a, A.D. 98 khan thlamuang takin a boral ta nghe nghe a ni. Tirhkoh Johana chauh hi Apostle-te zinga martyr-na pumpelh awm chhun a ni.

Kum zabi 2-ah chuan Rome sorkar pawhin Kristianna chu a hmel hriat ve ta viau mai a, ram tina Kristianna a darh tak avangin Bithunia ram awptu Governor Pliny-a pawhin Emperor Trajan-a hnenah hetiang hian thu a ziak a: “Mipa leh hmeichhia, naupang te atanga puitling thlengin an vaiin he sakhaw tharah hian an lut vek. Milem biakna hmunte pawh a ruak zo thelh thelh ta. Hma a sawn zel dawn niin a lang,” tiin. Kristianna chu hmun tin ram tinah a darhzau zel a, an zingah hna sang tak chelh pawh an awm bawk a. Ring lo mite temple-ah pawh mi hmuh tur an awm tawh meuh lo va, an puithiamten inthawi nana an hman sa pawh leitu an awm tawh loh avangin an puithiamte chu an thin a rim em em a. An temple atana sum an hmuh theih tawh loh avangin Kristiante chu sorkar laka hel leh rinawm lo tiin an hek a, chuta tang chuan Kristiante tihduhdahna chu a lo chhuak ta a. Tihduhdahna chu ram kang angin hmun tinah a darh nghal a, Suria leh Palestine thlengin a nghawng chhuak a, Kristian tam tak martyr an awm a, Bithunia ramah pawh martyr an awm nual a, an zinga martyr huaisen ber chu Smyrna bishop Polycarp-a a ni. (Smyrna hi tuna Turkey ram kan tih hi a ni) Polycarp-a (Greek: Πολύκαρπος Polýkarpos) hi Smyrna bishop a ni a, mi dik leh mi tluang tak a ni. Rinna kawnga mi nghet tak a ni a, mite zah leh ngaihsan ber a ni bawk. Heng hun lai hian chawimawi phute an chawimawi nan leh an zahna entir nan pheikhawk an inphelhsak thin a, mi zahawm tak Polycarp-a pheikhawk phelhsaktu nih pawh thil ropui tak a ni. Kristiante chauh ni lovin ring lo mite pawhin an zah em em a, mi tam tak chuan, “Kristiante Pa ber, ring lo mite pathian tichhetu” tiin an ko va. Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, Anglican leh Lutheran kohhranah phei chuan mi thianghlim tiin an ko hial a ni. Zirtir sawm leh pahnihte hun lai atanga rawngbawlnaa tel tawh a nih avangin Isua hmutute zinga pawh a tel ngei a, a hnu zelah pawh Johana hnungzuitu niin Tirhkoh Johana khan Smyrna puithiam (bishop) atan a nemnghet a ni tih mit ngeia hmutu Irenaeus, Jerome-a leh Tertullian-a ten an sawi.

Rome khawpuia Pope Clement-a leh Antioch Pope Ignatius-a te meuh pawhin “Apostolic Fathers” pathum zinga mi pawimawh tak niin an sawi a, Polycarp-a thiltih tam tak leh a rawngbawlna record-a fel taka dahtu Lyons bishop (Lyons hi tuna France ram kan tih hi a ni.) Irenaesu pawhin Philippi kohhrante hnena lehkha thawntu anih sawiin, “Polycarp-an Philippi kohhrante hnena lehkha a thawn chu ‘Philippi khuaa mite hnena Polycarp-a lehkhathawn’ tiin an ko hial a ni,” a ti. Philippi khuaa mite hnena lehkha a thawn chauh ni lovin “The Martyrdom of Polycarp” tih lehkhabu pawh Smyrna kohhran chuan Pontus khuaa kohhranhote hnenah a thawn bawk a, chung zawng zawng chu Polycarp-an Greek tawnga a ziahte an ni tih a sawi bawk.

Rinna leh Thlarau Thianghlima khat Stephana martyr dan Tirhkohte Thiltih-ah tarlan a ni a, heng hun lai hian tihduhdahna a nasat em avangin martyr mi dang tam tak an awm a, mahse chung mi huaisente chu Tirhkohte Thiltihah tarlan ni lo mah se Kristian martyr-te chanchin ropui tak chu a hnua kohhran paten an rawn ziak zel a, thurochhiah angin an inhlan chhawng zel a ni.

Polycarp-a chanchin chiang taka kan hriattheihna awm chhun chu Irenaeus-a lehkha “Adversus Haereses”-a “The Martyrdom of Polycarp” tih a ziah atang leh amah Polycarp-an Philippi kohhrante hnena lehkha a thawn atang a ni ber a, Pope Ignatius-an Polycarp-a leh Smyrna kohhrante hnena lehkha a thawnte atang pawhin tam tak chu kan hre thei a ni. Emperor Decius-a lal laia martyr-a thi ta Pionius-an “Life of Polycarp” a ziah te, Father of Latin Christianity tia an koh Tertullian-a leh Eusebius-a ten Polycarp chanchin an ziahte erawh belhchhiang dawl lo niin mi tam tak chuan an ngai a, an hmaa mite ziah sa ringa an ziahchhawn lehte a nih avangin mi tam tak chuan pawmthlakah an ngai lova, famkim lo leh dikhlel a awm niin an ngai a ni.
Irenaeus sawi dan chuan Johana zirtir Papias leh Polycarp-a te hi thiantha tak an ni a, Johana zirtirte zingah Johana rinchhan ber te an ni. Papias chanchin hi hmuh tur a tam lo em em mai a, Ignatius-an Papius hnena lehkha a thawnte atang leh Ephesi leh Magnesia kohhran hnena a lehkha thawnah te Papius chanchin hi a sawi tel a. Irenaeus-a hian Polycarp-a piangthar dan leh a zirtirtu Johana nena an inbiak dante chu mit ngeia hmutu niin a insawi a, apotles-te kaltlanga piangthar anih thu leh tar tawh tak a nih thu te pawh a sawi zing hle a ni.

AD 160-ah Rome khawpuia Pope Anicetus-a chu Polycarp-an Asia leh Rome Kristianten Easter hman hun chungchang sawipui turin a va tlawh a, Polycarp-a leh Pope Anicetus-a te chuan an awmna ram hun mil zela hman tha an tih thu sawiin Polycarp-a chuan khawchhak Kristiante tih thin dan ang leh Judaten kalhlen Kut an hman ni Nisan 14 anga Easter kalpui a duh thute pawh Irenaeus chuan kim takin a ziak vek a ni. Rome a zin tum hian bishop Valentinus leh bishop Marcion-a hnungzuite pawh an buai phah hle a, a tawpah Polycarp-a hnungzuiah an tang vek niin Irenaeus chuan a sawi bawk a. Mit ngeia Lal Isua hmutu a nih ang bawkin Pathian Thu leh rinna kawngah pawh mi fir tak mai a ni. Rinnna kal peng bishop dangte huai taka a do avangin leh a bik taka rinna atanga peng bishop Valentinus leh bishop Marcion-te a do nasat em avangin Smyrna-ah buaina a chhuak a, a mah leh a hnungzui mi 11-te chu mipui hmaa tihhlum tura an chhungthu rel a ni.
A hmasa berah Quintius an tih chu sakawlhin a thin a sekthlaksak a, chumi hnuah chuan a thenin Emperor lal hnena inthawina atana hlan turin an dil a, a thenin sakawlh nena inhmachhawn zel turin an lo ngen bawk a. Tunah chuan Polycarp-a hun a lo thleng ve ta! Mipuite chuan, "Sakeibaknei leh Polycarp" tiin an au ta dur dur mai a, a thiante pawhin tlawm mai turin an lo ngen ve bawk a. Mahse Polycarp-a chuan thih a hlau reng reng lo. A thih hma ni thum khan Pathianin a mumangah a awm dan tur a lo hriattir lawk tawh a, a zan mangah chuan a lukham hi a lo kang vek mai a, zawlnei hriattirna tih a hriat chian em avangin a thiante hnenah chuan, "Nung chunga halhlum ka ni dawn" tiin a hrilh a. Roreltu pawhin Polycarp-a chanhim tumin leh thihna a pumpelh theih dan kawng a zawn sak a, mahse a Lalpa phatsantu nih chu a tum reng reng lo. Roreltu chuan, "I upatna hi ka zah hle mai a, mahse Caesar-a hming chhalin chhia cham la, tichuan I rinna leh Krista an tih hi phatsan hram teh maw!” tiin a ngen leh a. Mahse Polycarp-a chuan, “Kum sawmriat leh kum ruk Krista rawng ka lo bawl tawh a, vawikhat te mah min la ti tha lo ngai lo va, chuvangin engtin nge ka Lalpa leh Chandamtu chu ka phatsan teh lul ang ni, in duh chu tunah intithei ta e,” tiin a chang a. Roreltu pawh chuan a rinna a phatsan dawn lo tih chiang taka a hriat avangin mipui hmaah chuan, “Polycarp-a hian Kristian dik tak ka ni e,” tiin vawithum meuh a inpuang e a ti a. Mipui thimrim chuan “a nung chungin halhlum rawh” tiin an lo au tuar tuar mai a. An halna tur thing chu an rawn fawm khawm a, an hal hma chuan Polycarp-a chu van lam hawiin a tawngtai a.
“Thiltihtheihna min petu avangin a tawp thlengin ka tuarchhuak thei a ni,” tiin a tawngtai a. Tichuan an hal ta a, mahse meialh chu thliin a lo chhem kiang zel a, a kang thei ta reng reng lo. A haltute tana a tawngtai mek lai chuan an zinga sipai huaisen ber chuan a thinah chemtein a rawn vit a, rei lo te ah chuan a thi ta a. A hnung zuituten amah an biak an hlauh avangin a taksa chu an halral nghal vek a, a ruhrote chu an khawm a, a hungzuiten tha takin an phum ta a.

A thih ni chungchangah mithiamte chhui dan a inang lo hle a, Eusebius chuan Polycarp-a hi thih hun hi Marcus Aurelius lal lai (A.D. 166–167) niin a sawi a, mahse Eusebia zuitute chuan Statius Quadratus lal lai (A.D 155-156) a ni a, a thih ni tak chu February 23, Inrin Ni a ni an ti ve thung. Smyrna kohhrante hnena Martyrdom of Polycarp tih lehkhaah chuan Polycarp-a chu Sabbath Ni-a man a ni a, Sabbath Ni ropui (Great Sabbath)-a halhlum a ni tih a awm a, he Great Sabbath chungchangah pawh hian mithiamte ngaihdan a thuhmuh theih loh avangin chhuizau tawh lo mai ila.

Philippi khuaa mite hnena lehkha a thawn hi (AD 110-140) bawr vel niin Irenaeus-a chuan a sawi a. A lehkhaa a ziah lan tum ber chu kohhran chhunga innghirnghona avanga indonate leh rinna dik lo laka fimkhur tura a fuihna a ni a, Kristianten hna tha tin reng thawk a, thutak rawngbawlna chu chhunzawm zel tura a fuihna a ni. A lehkhaa kan hmuh lar ber chu, “Chutichuan ding nghet ula, Lalpa nun zirtu ni theuh rawh u; rinna kawngah chuan nghet takin awm ula; unaute hmanghaih rawh u.
Pakhat leh pakhat inhmangaih ula, thutak thuah chuan nghet takin ding rawh u. Thlarau hmunkhata ding nghetin, rilru hmunkhata Chanchin Tha rinna thu tana bei tlangin, dotute eng kawngah mah hlau suh u.” tih hi a ni.